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Extracts from Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources 1982 Article II lists principles of conservation, while Article XXIV lists principles of observation and inspection. ARTICLE II 1. The objective of this Convention is the conservation of Antarctic
marine living resources. 2. For the purposes of this Convention, the term ‘conservation’
includes rational use. 3. Any harvesting and associated activities in the area to which this
Convention applies shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of
this Convention and with the following principles of conservation: (a) prevention of decrease in the size of any harvested population to
levels below those which ensure its stable recruitment. For this purpose
its size should not be allowed to fall below a level close to that which
ensures the greatest net annual increment; (b) maintenance of the ecological relationships between harvested,
dependent and related populations of Antarctic marine living resources and
the restoration of depleted populations to the levels defined in
sub-paragraph (a) above; and (c) prevention of changes or minimisation of the risk of changes in the
marine ecosystem which are not potentially reversible over two or three
decades, taking into account the state of available knowledge of the
direct and indirect impact of harvesting, the effect of the introduction
of alien species, the effects of associated activities on the marine
ecosystem and of the effects of environmental changes, with the aim of
making possible the sustained conservation of Antarctic marine living
resources.
ARTICLE XXIV 1. In order to promote the objective and ensure observance of the
provisions of this Convention, the Contracting Parties agree that a system
of observation and inspection shall be established. 2. The system of observation and inspection shall be elaborated by the
Commission on the basis of the following principles: (a) Contracting Parties shall co-operate with each other to ensure the
effective implementation of the system of observation and inspection,
taking account of the existing international practice. This system shall
include, inter alia, procedures for boarding and inspection by observers
and inspectors designated by the Members of the Commission and procedures
for flag state prosecution and sanctions on the basis of evidence
resulting from such boarding and inspections. A report of such
prosecutions and sanctions imposed shall be included in the information
referred to in Article XXI of this Convention; (b) in order to verify compliance with measures adopted under this
Convention, observation and inspection shall be carried out on board
vessels engaged in scientific research or harvesting of marine living
resources in the area to which this Convention applies, through observers
and inspectors designated by the Members of the Commission and operating
under terms and conditions to be established by the Commission; (c) designated observers and inspectors shall remain subject to the
jurisdiction of the Contracting Party of which they are nationals. They
shall report to the Member of the Commission by which they have been
designated which in turn shall report to the Commission.
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